Mayan ruins, an active volcano, acres of dense tropical forest, 100 rivers…Guatemala is a mysterious country with many historical and natural attractions for visitors to explore. Spanish is the official language here, but many other local languages are also spoken, especially among the Mayans. In touristy areas like Antigua, you will find many English speakers, but, especially in more remote locations, some knowledge of Spanish is helpful.

The violent crime rate in Guatemala is high; therefore, if you choose to enjoy the wonders of Guatemala it is best to do so with a group and/or guide and to use caution. While much of the crime is not directed at foreigners, robberies and other crimes do occur. Violent crime against foreigners occurs most often if victims resist when being mugged.

Additionally, Guatemala is still a developing country with a high infant mortality rate and a high percentage of impoverished and malnourished citizens. There is also a lot of drug traffic going through the country from South America to the United States. However, the lure of Guatemala is strong and efforts continue to decrease the crime rate, drug traffic, and poverty in the country.

The Mayans left the earliest evidence of human civilization in Guatemala. Ruins of Mayan cities (including pyramids and other stone structures) remain today to tell of life in the Classic period of Mesoamerican civilizations. The largest Mayan site in existence today is Tikal, which was likely one of the most important cities for the Mayans. Today it is popular not only for its size and the number of different ruins to see, but also for its location in the jungle of Guatemala. While parts of the site have been cleared and restored, there are many ruins in the forest that you can discover on foot. In the early morning, you may be able to see and hear several species of monkey as you walk in the forest.

The Spanish arrived in Guatemala in the sixteenth century and stayed for around 300 years until Guatemala gained independence from Spain in1821. However, politics and government in Guatemala has continued to be unstable since then. Military coups, border disputes, and other conflicts still occur.

Hiking, caving, and birding are some of the most popular natural pursuits in Guatemala. Birders favor the rainforest area of El Peten as hundreds of species live among the tiny lakes of the region.

Fit and adventurous hikers can take on Volcan Santa Maria, whose summit is 12,000 feet above sea level. Visitors can see for miles with views of the Pacific Ocean and several other volcanoes. The highlight is the view down into Volcan Santiaguito, Santa Maria’s sister volcano, which is an active volcano with spectacular eruptions visible from the summit of Santa Maria.

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